The Future of Defense Engineering: Trends and Insights

A press release about a collaboration that focuses on propellant ignition studies for modern defense solutions was the impetus for this five-part series, where Machine Design had the privilege of speaking with Dr. John Granier, chief engineer of munitions and energetics at Element U.S. Space and Defense, and Dr. Michelle Pantoya, J.W. Wright Regents Chair in mechanical engineering and professor at Texas Tech.

In this final part of the series, we look at some key trends and advancements that are poised to shape the field. Granier and Pantoya share how they think these innovations are likely to influence both the technology and the workforce in the defense sector.

One trend is the rise of additive manufacturing, also discussed in Part 3, which is accelerating design and production cycles. Granier says this technology allows engineers to conceive and produce devices more rapidly than traditional methods permit. For instance, while conventional machining techniques like lathing and milling are limited to solid geometries, additive manufacturing enables the creation of complex structures with internal voids, which can enhance performance characteristics and critical applications such as propellants.

Developments in material science are set to change the landscape of energetic materials. Pantoya noted that artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to facilitate the discovery and synthesis of new molecular structures that could impact material properties used in defense. She says that as 3D printing technology continues to evolve and diversify, the potential to print materials that withstand extreme conditions while maximizing performance through tailored geometries offers possibilities for future engineering solutions.

When it comes to collaboration, Pantoya talked about fostering the next generation of engineers, which she says involves intertwining human development with groundbreaking scientific advancements. This partnership is essential not only for improving diagnostic tools, but also for translating fundamental scientific knowledge into technologies that can enhance national security, she noted.

Granier added that current developments in diagnostics applied to defense could find larger applications in the Department of Defense over time. Its potential for future applications underscores the importance of a collaborative environment in which innovative ideas can flourish and find practical application, he said.

When it comes to young engineers aspiring to enter the defense technology sector, Pantoya urges students to immerse themselves in practical experiences beyond the classroom, engaging in laboratory work and collaborating with professionals. Granier echoed the sentiment, highlighting the importance of mentorship and shaping careers. With many seasoned professionals nearing retirement, young engineers have a unique opportunity to learn from experienced mentors. He suggests that internships and professional networking can help students forge these connections and gain insights that will be beneficial throughout their careers.

Watch additional parts of this interview series with Dr. John Granier and Dr. Michelle Pantoya:

Part 1: Forging the Future of Defense with Modern Methodologies

Part 2: The Role of Advanced Sensors in Propellant Technology

Part 3: Prototyping Solutions for the Defense Industry

Part 4: Assessing Effectiveness and Reliability in Prototype Development

Editor’s Note: Machine Design’s WISE (Workers in Science and Engineering) hub compiles our coverage of workplace issues affecting the engineering field, in addition to contributions from equity seeking groups and subject matter experts within various subdisciplines.