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Trying to be innovative is like trying to be taller

September 23, 2010

Leland E. Teschler

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You can say one thing for the continuing economic malaise: It has spawned a bumper crop of gurus claiming they can teach people and companies to be innovative. If your e-mail inbox is like mine, it often brims with come-ons for new books, seminars, and Webcasts, all targeting industries that would like to innovate their way out of the current dearth of orders for their products.

There’s only one thing wrong with such remedies: You’re probably wasting your time trying to learn how to innovate. At least, that is what geneticists and behavioral economists say. Innovators are genetically predisposed to think outside the box. If you don’t happen to have the right genes, trying to learn how to innovate is likely to be as futile as trying to learn how to clock a world-class time in the 50-yard dash.
People who become engineers on company payrolls have a variety of positive genetic traits, but innate innovativeness generally isn’t one of them. That’s one conclusion to be drawn by the work of Scott Shane, a professor of economics at Case Western Reserve University and a specialist in innovation management. He says corporate training programs today don’t account for the reality that portions of what people bring to the table for decision-making, creativity, and innovation come from genetic influences. In particular, he singles out leadership training and innovation programs as being genetically doomed to failure. Such initiatives do little more than fine-tune the skills of those genetically predisposed to excel in these areas, Shane says.

For example, genetic differences in base testosterone levels account for differences in how well men envision the rotation of 3D objects. A lack of testosterone is associated with poor spatial memory in men. And there is a wealth of evidence, says Shane, that people with certain psychological attributes are more innovative than others, and these attributes greatly depend on genetics. People who have an openness to experience, for example, have been found to be more creative, particularly in science and art. Ditto for anxious people. Manic depression has a strong genetic component and is more common among creative thinkers. It seems a genetic difference that controls the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin could explain the trait. Likewise, the dopamine neurotransmitter has been implicated in cognitive processes that go into creativity.

One reason large engineering companies might struggle to innovate is that many creative people are genetically inclined to have personality traits that may make it tough for them to fit in the corporate mold. These traits include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and dyslexia. Companies weeding out these individuals would be more likely to hire people who counted conscientiousness and agreeableness as personality traits. But research shows that conscientious people tend to be less creative than others, and agreeable people are less likely to be entrepreneurial.

One last thing companies should ponder before wishing for a payroll full of innovators: Individuals who innovate are also the ones genetically primed to thumb their nose at their bosses and strike out on their own.

© 2010 Penton Media, Inc.

Comments

Innovation

lee, you are spot on innovation is in the genes, its inherited, for years I never understood why I could take on projects that others shied away from, if I didn't have the tools to execute the job, I would make them, on completion of one project I was nominated for an award in the systems category, and won, I was surprised as this was a national award and I was up against multy national companies. The product I designed was expanded upon and refined by my son and is now in use around the world. To find out how I was able to solve problems in my field of work, I became interested in how the brain functions, my brain is wired to function analytically not neurotypically, I can visualize what I need to do to achieve my goal, I am not an engineer but have a good working knowledge of mechanical concepts and most of what I design works first time. I have read that people with this ability generally gravitate to engineering , scientific or mathematics as professions. For further explanation of this gift look up Asperger's Syndrome by Tony Attwood.

Innovation...

Mr. Teschler:
This might be your best editorial ever.
I think that it is dead on.

Maybe it's a skill . . .

How about innovation is a skill that needs to be practiced. Use it, or lose it. The more technologies, material properties, hints and kinks that you know, the more background you have to call upon to develop a solution.

For most problems I see there's about as many possible solutions as there are technologies that might be used to create a solution. (If you have more tools than a hammer, then nails are less likely to be your best solution.)

Why don't others see the solution

I digested the article and the responses with relish. .I wondered all life my so many, many folks I interact with just don't see the obvious answer. Now I have a glimpse into why thanks to your article.. So, after 45 years in my own business, mandated because I was fired from virtually every job I had, the folks I now have on my team are wonderfully supporting of my efforts. But, I have had decades of bewilderment as to why a solution seems obvious to me yet not to others. Thanks to your article, a bit clearer picture emerges from the miasma of my past.. Thanks so much, Bruce Nesbitt

Is it possible to teach and/or learn to innovate?

Mr. Teschler,
I think it is a very interesting theme of analysis if it is possible or not to teach and to learn to be innovative. Perhaps we may find a lot of arguments for demonstrating that it is possible but perhaps lots of people could also be skeptic. Why not encouraging serious research about this topic? From my point of view it is not a question of to believe or not to believe, it is a question of how the innovation process could be made more efficient and not subject of only trial and error or finding the people with the right gens for hiring them. Of course, as it occurs with any human ability, there are persons with better possibilities for being innovative. It is the same with mathematics or music or swimming: not everyone that takes math courses becomes an Einstein and not everybody that takes music courses becomes Beethoven… Therefore not everyone that takes innovation courses becomes an Edison. The real question is if it is possible to improve the capabilities of persons dedicated to develop products to become more innovative. My personal belief is yes, but I do not want to let it only be a question of believing or not believing. Perhaps could Machine Design.com start a task force on this theme with following topics?
1. Is it worth to teach innovation at Universities for Engineering Design students?
2. How could the effectivity of teaching and or learning be measured?
3.How could enterprises become more effective in innovation?
4.Is it the only way having genetic specialists looking for human resources for improving the rate of innovation success in enterprises or…?
5.Are there success stories available?

Is it possible to teach and/or learn to innovate?

Hello Mr. Leon,
Instead of Edison, I'd rather mention Nikola Tesla, who had more than 700 registred patents. He is the best example for this theory and if you read the book THE WALL OF LIGHT, you will find it there. You are welcome to read also CALLING UFO's - A TRUE STORY.

Kind regards
Momcilo Radovanovic

Trying to be innovative.

Dear Mr Teschler,
My experience on the Indian Railways supports some of what you say. Innovators are not the run of the mill employee. They are scarce and they seem to think differently from the others.
The normal employee is more performance oriented, more likely to meet targets and exceed them. He is also more systematic in his workstyle and probably in his thinking. He tends to do what he is told and not try out his own ideas.
The innovator usually does not perform as well in routine jobs. He is often asystematic in his work and record keeping. And quite often he is trying out his own ideas in the workplace, though not always with useful result. Hovever once in a while he comes up with an idea that really works and can be extended across the organization.
A production or maintenance organisation with too many innovators can be a disaster. Hovever they are a scarce commodity and such a sitution is unlikely. Innovators really come into their own in research or design organisations. But even here they cannot be trusted to apply their minds on the work in hand and may come up with workable ideas in a totally different field.
I am not sure about whether this difference is genetic or from nurture. Innovators do have a different mindset which cannot be just acquired.
Yours truly
Debashis Ray

Trying to be innovative

I found your comments interesting, and they also explain something that happened to me recently. I took a so-called talent test with the Georgia Work Ready Program, and was highly offended at the results I got back. I guess my answers to the questions fit me into the profile you described. The results of my test said that I was probably a low performer, that I was too inclined to take unnecessary risks, that I was unlikely to follow through and finish jobs that I began, and that I was lazy.
In fact, as those who have worked with me will generally attest, I am just the opposite. There have been few in any organization where I have worked, that work harder than I do. I am usually among the highest performers in the organization.
I do think out of the box, and I am not afraid to attack designs that most machine designers wouldn't touch with a 10foot pole. In most cases my designs are and have been successes, but I admit to a few failures over the years. Where I generally got into trouble was when things logically should have worked, and for reasons I still don't understand, didn't. In most of those cases, however, I can look back and see where my logic was flawed.

Everyone can learn innovation

The idea that innovation and problem solving skill is a "mother nature" skill that one either has oer doesn't have is absolutely not true! The work of Altshuller and his Russian colleages in the development of "TRIZ" (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) has clearly shown that innovation is an algorithm for breakthrough that can be taught in the same way that general quadratic equations have replaced trial and error math problem solving. It's important to make a distinction between creativity (just coming up with "ideas") and making these ideas commercially viable which is innovation. Assuming that our objective is to solve problems that make money as opposed to just creating ideas without use, then this is a skill that can be taught to everyone. TRIZ and some of its derivatives are now in use by many Fortune 500 companies and is part of training offered by engineering societies such as AIChE and ASME. Innovation and breakthrough problem solving are sciences that can be taught, just like chemistry, physics, and math.

Everyone can learn innovation

It appears that those considered predisposed to be innovative have at least two traits in common. One, they are unconventional thinkers or think out of the box. Two, they are nonconformists. I fail to see how someone that doesn't think out of the box themselves can possibly teach someone else to think out of the box. As far as nonconfomity goes, I know of no company that has nonconformity at the top of their list as a desireable trait in their employees. So it won't be taught, even if it can be.

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